Ururka Warshadaha Tamarta ee Qoraxda (SEIA) ayaa sii daayay xogtii ugu dambeysay ee warshadaha waxay muujineysaa in inkasta oo tartanka wax soo saarka kaydinta tamarta ee Mareykanka uu horumaray labadii sano ee la soo dhaafay, iyo seddexdii rubuc ee ugu horreeyay 2023, awoodda kaydinta tamarta ayaa sidoo kale sii kordheysa, laakiin Qalabka kaydinta tamarta gudaha ee Maraykanka heerka sahayda wax soo saarka ma awoodo inuu buuxiyo yoolalka cimilada ee la aasaasay.Si uu Maraykanku u sameeyo silsilad warshadeed oo kaydisa tamar xoog leh, laakiin sidoo kale waxay u baahan yihiin inay ka gudbaan la'aanta shaqaale xirfad leh iyo farsamo, cidhiidhi ku jira helitaanka alaabta ceeriin, kharashyo aad u sarreeya iyo "caqabado" kale oo badan.
Tartanka warshadaha ayaa u baahan in la horumariyo
SEIA waxay ku sheegtay warbixinta in baytariyada lithium-ion ay yihiin tignoolajiyada kaydinta tamarta aasaasiga ah ee codsiyada tamarta dib loo cusboonaysiin karo ee Maraykanka maanta.Saadaasha ayaa aragta baahida batteriga caalamiga ah ee ka koraysa 670 GWh sanadka 2022 ilaa in ka badan 4,000 GWh marka la gaadho 2030 codsiyada sida qoraxda iyo baabuurta korontadaKuwaas oo ka mid ah, awoodda rakiban ee nidaamyada kaydinta tamarta ee looga baahan yahay qaybta tamarta la cusboonaysiin karo waxay ka kori doontaa 60 GWh ilaa 840 GWh, halka baahida rakiban ee nidaamyada kaydinta tamarta ee saldhigeedu yahay Mareykanka ay ka kori doonto 18 GWh sanadka 2022 ilaa in ka badan 119 GWh.
Dhowrkii sano ee la soo dhaafay, dawladda Maraykanku waxay si isdaba joog ah u soo jeedisay inay kabto oo ay taageerto silsiladda warshadaha kaydinta tamarta maxalliga ah.Waaxda Tamarta ee Maraykanka ayaa ku nuuxnuuxsatay in ay kor u qaadi doonto suuqa kaydinta tamarta wadaniga ah ee Maraykanka iyada oo loo marayo kabitaanno badan oo la siinayo soosaarayaasha kaydinta tamarta baytari iyo shirkadaha sahayda, kordhinta maalgashiga kaabayaasha, iyo xoojinta waxbarashada farsamada gacanta iyo tababarka.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, heerka kobaca kaydinta tamarta gudaha ee Maraykanka ayaa ka yar sidii la filayay.Xogtu waxay muujinaysaa in wakhtigan xaadirka ah, awoodda kaydinta tamarta batteriga gudaha ee Maraykanka ay tahay 60 GWh oo keliya.In kasta oo siyaasadda kicinta ee hadda jirta, suuqa kaydinta tamarta ee Maraykanku uu helay miisaan aan hore loo arag oo maaliyadeed, laakiin mashruucu wuxuu ugu dambeyntii dhul u baahan karaa inuu tixgeliyo khibradda wax soo saarka, kartida xirfadeed, heerka farsamada iyo arrimaha kale, warshadaha kaydinta tamarta maxalliga ah ee Mareykanka. silsiladda tartanka caalamiga ah weli kuma filna.
Qalab cayriin ah oo aan ku filnayn ayaa ah cidhiidhi muuqda
Sahayda alaabta ceeriin oo aan ku filnayn ayaa ah dhibaatada ugu weyn ee haysata warshadaha kaydinta tamarta ee US SEIA waxay tilmaantay in wax soo saarka baytariyada lithium-ion, oo ay ku jiraan lithium, fosfooraska, graphite iyo alaabta ceeriin ee muhiimka ah, laakiin badi alaabtan ceeriin ee muhiimka ah maaha miinada laga soo dhoofiyo Maraykanka, ayaa loo baahan yahay in la soo dhoofiyo.
Ma aha oo kaliya, SEIA waxay sii tilmaantay in sahayda lithium, graphite iyo alaabta ceeriin ee muhiimka ah ay xitaa aad u sii adag tahay, taas oo alaabta graphite ay tahay warshadaha kaydinta tamarta batteriga Mareykanka ay wajahayaan "dhalad macquul ah".Waqtigan xaadirka ah, Maraykanku ma laha saldhig wax soo saarka garaafyada dabiiciga ah, in kasta oo Australia iyo Kanada ay dhoofin karaan garaafyada, haddana ma buuxin karaan baahida Mareykanka.Si loo buuxiyo farqiga baahida, Maraykanku waa inuu raadiyaa inuu soo dejiyo garaafyada dabiiciga ah oo dheeraad ah ama qalabka garaafka synthetic.
Waxaa weli horyaal caqabado badan
Madaxa SEIA iyo maamulaha guud Hopper ayaa sheegay in awoodda Maraykanku u leeyahay hagaajinta isku halaynta xadhkaha goosashada ay ku xidhan tahay xawaaraha wax soo saarka gudaha iyo geynta tignoolajiyada kaydinta tamarta batteriga, laakiin warshadaha kaydinta tamarta ee Maraykanka ayaa wali wajahaya tartano iyo caqabado badan.
SEIA waxay sheegtay in isbeddelada suuqa tamarta ee warshadaha Maraykanka ay soo bandhigaan shuruudo sare, dhismaha saldhigga kaydinta tamarta gudaha waa lama huraan.Si loo gaaro yoolalka cimilada ee la aasaasay, wax soo saarka gudaha Mareykanka ee alaabada kaydinta tamarta uma baahna oo kaliya in la daboolo baahida, laakiin sidoo kale waa in lagu bixiyaa qiime tartan ah, tayo xasilloon, waqti iyo karti.Si taas loo gaaro, SEIA waxay ku talinaysaa in dawladda Maraykanku ay kordhiso sahayda alaabta ceeriin oo ay dhiirigelin ka qaadato dawladaha gobolka si loo yareeyo kharashka maalgelinta mashruuca ka hor, iyada oo aan la xusin baahida loo qabo in la dardargeliyo dhismaha mashruuca, laga faa'iidaysto khibradda wax soo saarka ee jira, lana xoojiyo. iskaashiga dalalka saaxiibka la ah si kor loogu qaado heerarka xoog shaqada.
Inkasta oo awoodda kaydinta tamarta ee Maraykanku si degdeg ah u korodhay sannadkii la soo dhaafay, xawaaraha dhismuhu ma sii wadi karo heerka kobaca baahida, maalgashadayaasha mashruuca, marka lagu daro alaabta ceeriin, kharashyada iyo caqabadaha kale, dhab ahaantii, sidoo kale waxay wajahaysaa dhibaatada habka ansixinta oo gaabis ah.Marka la eego arrintan, waxa lagu talinayaa in dawladda Maraykanku ay sii dardargeliso xawaaraha ansixinta mashaariicda kaydinta tamarta, sii wanaajinta deegaanka maalgashiga, iyo kor u qaadida maalgelinta suuqa kaydinta tamarta.
Waqtiga boostada: Dec-22-2023
